Sunday, July 28, 2019

Important Very Short Answer Science Questions For Competitive Exams

Important Very Short Answer Science Questions For Competitive Exams
Jaswinder Singh (Lect In Physics)

Important Very Short Answer Science Questions For Competitive Exams
1.      Give example of a non metal which is good conductor of electricity.
( Graphite)
2.     Write full form of ISRO. (Indian Space Research Organization)
3.     Write full form of DNA. (Deoxyribonucleic acid)
4.     Write full form of RNA.( Ribonucleic Acid)
5.     Write molecular formula of butane.  ( C4H10)
6.     Write molecular formula of ethene.   (C2H4)
7.     Write molecular formula of propane.         (C3H8)
8.     How many single covalent bond present in ethane? (Seven)
9.     Draw the structure of Propanal.

                


10.                        Write Chemical name and formula of Lime Stone.
(Formula CaCO3  Chemical name-Calcium carbonate)
11.                        Write the name of respiratory organ of fish. (Gills)
12.                        Write mirror formula with help of symbols.
1/f=1/v+1/u
13.                        Complete the equation
H2S2O7 + H2O --------->                                         (2H2SO4)
14.                        Name the Universal Donor Blood group in Human beings. ( O Group )
15.                        Give example of a non metal which has lustre. (Carbon/Iodine)
16.                        What is the reflection of light?

Reflection is the phenomenon of change in the path of light without change in medium.
17.                        What is the refraction of light?
Refraction of light refers to the change in direction of a ray of light when it travels from one medium to another. 
18.                        Find the power of a concave lens of focal length 2 metres.
P=1/f=1/2 =  -0.5D  (power of concave lens is negative)
19.                        How do atomic size and metallic character change in a group of Modern Periodic table on going top to bottom.
( Both are increase)
20.                        What is a Catalyst?
A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change.

21.                        With which Lens is Myopia corrected ?  
Concave lens

22.                        Define an Autotrophic Nutrition.
Autotrophic nutrition is the process of an organism being able to create/produce its own food. An organism capable of synthesizing its own food from inorganic substances, using light or chemical energy. Green plants, algae, and certain bacteria are autotrophs.

23.                        Write the constituents of Brass.
( Brass is made up of copper and zinc )
24.                        To which galaxy does our solar system belong?
(Milky way)
25.                        Complete the chemical equation

2CH3COOH + 2Na -------------->              (2CH3COONa + H2)

26.                        How food synthesized in leaves is carried to other parts of plant?  (Through Phloem Tissue)
27.                        What is the focal length of a plane mirror?
 Infinty
28.                        What is the pH value of pure water ?
(Seven, 7)
29.                        What are the components of the transport system in highly organised plants?
(Xylem and Phloem)
30.                        How does the transport of water and minerals take place in such plants? (Through Xylem Tissue)
31.                        Why should curd and sour substances not be kept in brass and copper vessels?
When kept in copper or brass vessels, curd(and other acidic food items) reacts with copper and forms toxic compounds which may be unfit for human consumption, and may cause food poisoning
32.                        Name any two Phytohormones.
(Auxin And Gibberellins)
33.                        What kind of mirror is used in vehicles to see the traffic on the rear side? Convex Mirror

34.                        What is an Exothermic reaction?  
A chemical reaction in which amount of energy is released in form of heat.
35.                        What is an Endothermic reaction?
An endothermic process is any process which requires or absorbs energy from its surroundings, usually in the form of heat
36.                        Three resistances of two ohm (2Ω) each are connected in series. Find the combined resistance.
R=R1+R2+R3=2+2+2=6 ohm
37.                        Complete the equations
CH3COOH + C2H5OH ----------------------> CH3COOC2H5+H2O
C2H5OH + O2 -----------------> 2CO2+3H2O
38.                        Write any four external factors that affect photosynthesis.
          Light, carbon dioxide, water, temperature, oxygen

39.                        Write symbols for Battery, Key or Switch, Ammeter and Resistance.
                      

40.                        How is plaster of Paris [ CaSO4 ½ H2O] prepared.
When gypsum is heated at 373k, plaster of paris is formed.
 2(CaSO4.2H2O)---> 2(CaSO4.½H2O)+3H2O
41.                        Define Power of a lens and write its unit.
Ability of lens  to converge or diverge the light ,and is equal to the reciprocal of focal length expressed in metres. P=1/f(m). Unit are dioptre(D)
42.                        Write names and formulae of first four members of alkane series .
CH4, C2H6, C3H8, C4H10

43.                        Write  physical and chemical properties of metals.
Metals are dense, shiny, good conductors of heat and electricity, and easily lose electrons in chemical reactions.

44.                        What are parasites? Give two examples .
Organism which depends entirely for nutrition on other organism(host). Examples ticks , worms, plasmodium

45.                        What is long-sightedness? How is it corrected?
A person with this defect can see distant objects but cannot see near objects. It can be corrected by using convex lens.

46.                        What is short-sightedness? How is it corrected?
A person with this defect can see near  objects but cannot see distant objects. It can be corrected by using concave lens.

47.                        Write the constituents of German silver and Stainless steel.
German silver: Cu+Zn+Ni                   Stainless steel: Fe+Cr+Ni

48.                        Write characteristics of magnetic field lines.

Magnetic field lines are closed loops which start from north pole and goes to south Pole outside the magnet and from south to North Pole inside the magnet. Magnetic field lines never intersect each other. Region where concentration of field lines is more, the strength of magnetic field is high in that region and vice-versa.

49.                        Write two functions of blood.

It supplies oxygen to cells and tissues. It removes carbon dioxide, urea and lactic acid (waste products) .It regulates our acidity (pH) levels and body temperature. Its white blood cells have antibodies which defend us from infection.

50.                        Write one function each of ciliary muscles and optic nerves of human eye?

Ciliary muscles- it holds the eye-lens and help in change its focal length.
Optic nerves- its carries information from retina to brain

51.                        Write any two measures to prevent rusting of Iron.

Oiling, painting, greasing, galvanisation, electroplating
By these methods, the surface becomes water proof and the moisture and oxygen present in the air cannot come into direct contact with iron.




52.                        What do you mean by soil erosion? Write its two causes.
Soil erosion is the displacement of the upper layer of fertile, mineral rich soil.
Agents -water and wind.
53.                        Why does the colour of sky appears blue?

Blue light is scattered in all directions by the tiny molecules of air in Earth's atmosphere. Blue is scattered more than other colors because it travels as shorter, smaller waves.

54.                        What are decomposers?

Decomposers are organisms that break down dead or decaying organisms, and in doing so, they carry out the natural process of decomposition.

55.                        What is the role of decomposers in the ecosystem?

If they weren't in the ecosystem, the plants would not get essential nutrients, and dead matter/waste would pile up.

56.                        Write ohm ‘s law.         

(V=IR)

57.                        What is conductor of electricity?  Give two examples.
conductor is any piece of material that easily allows heat or electricity to pass through it. copper, aluminum, gold, and silver.

58.                        What is insulator of electricity?  Give two examples.
A material that does not easily transmit energy,such as electric current or heat is called insulators glass, plasticrubber, and wood.
59.                        Give two examples of semiconductors.
Silicon and Germanium


60.                        What are fossils?
Fossils are the remains of plants and animals that have been preserved within the Earth's crust/ sedimentary rocks.

61.                        Write three difference between aerobic and Anaerobic respiration.
Aerboic respiration requires oxygen wheras anaerboic respiration does not. More energy is generated in aerobic respiration. Carbon dioxide and water are products of aerobic respiration, whereas lactic acid is the end product of anaerobic respiration.

62.                        Give one example of each of the following.
Combination reaction,             2 H2(g) + O2(g) → 2 H2O(ℓ)
Decomposition reaction,         2NaHCO3(s) → Na2CO3(s) + CO2(g) + H2O(ℓ)
Displacement reaction,            Fe+CuSO4                  FeSO4+Cu
Double displacement reaction. AgNO3+NaCl→ AgCl+NaNO3


63.                        What is Fleming’s Left hand rule?


64.                        What is Fleming’s Right hand rule?


65.                        Which gas is produced during the reaction of sodium carbonate and dil HCL?
HCl is an acid and it reacts with the metal carbonate Na2CO3 to give CO2(carbon dioxide) , H2O and NaCl ( sodium chloride).
66.                        How does the colour of solution change when iron nails kept in copper sulphate solution?
When Iron nail (Ferrum) is dipped in Copper sulphate (CuSO4) there takes reaction between them and copper sulphate change its color from blue to light green. 

67.                        Write Mendeleev ‘s Periodic law of classification of elements.
In 1869, Mendeleev classified the then known 56 elements on the basis of their physical and chemical properties in the increasing order of the atomic masses, in the form of a table.

68.                        What do fossils tell us about the process of evolution?
Fossils areremains or impressions of organisms that lived in the remote past. Fossils provide the evidence that the present animal have originated from previously existing ones through the process of continuous evolution.

69.                        Why is series arrangement not used in domestic circuits?
In series arrangement same current will flow through all the appliances, which is not required. Total resistance of domestic circuit will be sum of the resistance of all appliances and hence current drawn by the circuit will be less. We cannot use independent on/off switches with individual appliances. 

70.                        What is the important function of presence of ozone in earth’s atmosphere?
Ozone is made up of three atoms of oxygen. It protects from harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays from the Sun. It helps to maintain heat balance on earth.



71.                        What is the function of retina in human eye?
The purpose of the retina is to receive light that the lens has focused, convert the light into neural signals, and send these signals on to the brain for visual recognition.

72.                        Name the pigment present in plants, which can absorb solar energy.
Chlorophyll
73.                        What are the raw materials for photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis requires carbon dioxide, sunlight,  water and chlorophyll as its basic raw materials.

74.                        Name the device which is used to produce electric current.
(Generator)
75.                        Name a metal which is liquid at room temperature.
 (Mercury)
76.                        How is hypermetropia corrected?
 (using convex lens)
77.                        Which part of brain maintain posture and equilibrium of body?  (Cerebellum)
78.                        Complete  1KWH=................. J.
1 watt=1 joule/1 sec
1KW=1000J/1 sec=1000J *1 hour/1 sec
1KWH=1000J *3600 sec/ 1 sec= 3.6 *106 J
79.                        What is the function of Xylem in plants?
  (Transport of water)
80.                        What is the chemical name of Baking Soda?
Sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3. (Sodium  Hydrogen Carbonate)
81.                        At the time of short circuit, what is the magnitude of current in the circuit?
(Increases heavily)
82.                        Write molecular formula of Bromoethane.
CH3CH2Br
83.                        Write the formula of electric power.          
(P=VI=I2R=V2/R)
84.                        Three resistors 2 ohm, 3 ohm, 5 ohm are connected in series. What is the net resistance?
R=R1+R2+R3=2+3+5=10 ohm
85.                        Which acid is present in Ant Sting?
          (Methanoic acid)
86.                        What is the least distance of distinct vision of human eye?    
          (25 cm)
87.                        What is Pollination?
Pollination is transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a flower.
88.                        What is the functional group of butanone?
(Ketone group)
89.                        What is the functional group of butanal?
( Aldehyde Group)
90.                        Write the formula of rust.
Iron + Water + Oxygen = Rust. (The chemical formula for rust is Fe2O3.nH2O)
91.                        What is hemodialysis ?
It is a method of method of removing waste products and extra fluid, which build up in the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to function properly.
92.                        Which is the longest gland in human body?
Liver
93.                        What part of the brain is responsible for reflex actions?
In a reflex action, the spinal cord along with the brain stem is responsible for the reflex movements.

94.                        What are male and female part of flower ?
The main flower parts are the male part called the stamen and the female part called the pistil.

95.                        Find the focal length of a convex mirror whose radius of curvature is 16 cm.
R=2f, f=R/2, f=16/2=8 cm.
96.                        How do metallic character change in a period moving left to right in modern periodic table.
(Decreases)
97.                        What is an alloy?
Mixture of two or more metals or a metal and a non metal.
Examples BrassBronze
98.                        Name the basic filtration unit in the kidney.
(Nephrons)
99.                        What is synapse?
A junction between two nerve cells, which transfer electric activity (information) from one cell to another.
100.                   What is the velocity of light in vacuum?
           The velocity of light in vacuum is 3*108 m/s
101.                   What is the SI unit of power?
Watt
102.                   An electric bulb is rated 220 V and 100 W. When it is operated on 110 V, what will be  the power consumed?
P=V2/R
If V=220V we have
100 W = 220
2/R
R = 220
2/100 Ω = 484 Ω. This is the resistance of the bulb.
When V = 110 V, power consumed = 
 V2/R = 1102 /484 = 25 W.
103.                   No matter how far you stand from a mirror,your image appears erect. What will be the nature of image?
Either plane or convex
104.                   A doctor has prescribed a corrective lens of power +1.5 D. Find the focal length of the lens.Is the prescribed lens converging or diverging?
Power of lens= 1/focal length
focal length = 1/power of lens=1/1.5=0.6667 m
Since the focal length is positive, the prescribed lens is convex and is converging lens.
105.             What is gangue?
Impurities of sand and rocky material present in an ore is called gangue
106.             Name a metal which is preserve in kerosene?
Sodium
107.             The element X has electronic configuration 2,8,8,2.It belongs to which group and period of periodic table?
X = 2,8,8,2
(a) Since it has 4 shells, it belongs to 4th period.
(b) Since it has 2 valence electrons, it belongs to group 2.
The element X is actually Calcium (Ca).
108.             Where fertilization does take place in human beings?
Fallopian tube
109.             What are 3 R’s to save the environment?
Reduce, reuse and recycle 
110.             The ability of a cell to divide into several cells during reproduction in plasmodium is called?
Multiple fission
111.             At what temperature Plaster of paris is prepared by heating gypsum  ?
373 K
112.             What is the name and chemical formula of the main product formed by heating baking soda?
Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3)
113.             If one of the metal in an alloy is mercury,then what it is called?
Amalgam
114.             What happens when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to iron powder?
Hydrogen gas and and iron chloride.
115.             The power plant which converts the potential energy of falling water into electricity is called?
Hydropower plant
116.             How many covalent bonds in ethane?
7 Covalent bond

117.             Name the chamber of heart which receives deoxygenated blood from vena cave?
Right ventricle receives
118.             Where an object should be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of the size of the object?
At twice the focal length
119.             Which phenomenon is related to twinkling of stars?
Atmospheric Refraction
120.             While cooking if the bottom of the vessel is blackened on the outside, what it means?
The fuel is not burning completely
121.             Is the flow of energy in an ecosystem is unidirectional?
The flow of energy in the ecosystem is unidirectional.
122.             Three elements B,Si and Ge are called?
Metalloids
123.             What anther contains?
Pollen grains
124.             Give an example of homologous organs?
The arm of a human, the wing of a bird or a bat, the leg of a dog and the flipper of a dolphin or whale are homologous structures.
125.             Fe2O3+2Al----à Al2O3+2Fe.This chemical reaction is example of ?
Displacement reaction

JASWINDER SINGH
LECURER IN PHYSICS
EMAIL ID-physsrsms@gmail.com

No comments:

Post a Comment

Featured Post

Electromagnetic Spectrum

 

POPULAR POSTS